The left temporal lobe is especially seen to be involved in speech. The sensation of smell is also registered in the temporal lobe. This lobe is also partly responsible for emotion, memory and speech. Occipital Lobe: The occipital lobe is the smallest lobe and is present at the back of the skull. It is present just overlying the occipital bone, hence the name. The occipital lobes rest on the tantrum cerebella, which is a process of the durra mater that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum. At the edges of the occipital lobe, there are several lateral occipital gyros, separated by the lateral occipital sulks. Function: The occipital lobe is primarily involved with interpreting visual impulses. This is done via the visual pathway. Visual Pathway: Visual inputs follow a slightly complex rule - the optic nerves from the two eyes come together at a point called the optic chiasm, and here, half the fibers of each nerve split off to join the other. Thus, impulses received from the left half of the retina in both eyes go to the left side of the brain, while the impulses from the right half of the retina go to the right brain. The retinal sensors that are present in the eye are stimulated when rays enter the eye and reach them. This stimulus then is conveyed to the cones (Bradman’s area 17). From here it goes on to the optic tracts and the lateral geniculation bodies of the thalamus, where optic radiations then continue onto the visual cortex. Each visual cortex receives raw sensory information from the outside half of the eye present on the same side and from the inside half of the eye present on the other side of the head. Finally, the image is then projected in the cortex. Given below is a diagram of the visual cortex of the brain. Visual Cortex Thus, damage to the occipital lobe results in vision loss due to field cuts in each eye. If there is damage to the primary visual cortex, then this could lead to loss of vision of the opposite field, or in severe cases, seeing stars and flashes of light (visual hallucinations).

For more visit >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> http://www.maxmusclestack.com/nooflex